Microscopic Identification of Japanese Woods

Stauntonia hexaphylla (Thunb.) Decaisne
(Lardizabalaceae)

GROWTH RINGS

Growth ring boundary

1. Distinct

VESSEL

Porosity	3. Ring-porous
Vessel arrangement
Vessel grouping
Solitary vessel outline
Perforation plate	13. Simple
Intervessel pits	22. Alternate
Intervessel pit size	25. Small: 4-7 μm
Vestured pits
Vessel-ray pitting	30. Distinct borders; similar to V-V pits
Helical thickenings in vessel elements	36. Present 37. Throughout body of V-elements 39. Only in narrow V-elements
Tangential diameter of vessel lunima	43. >200 μm 45. Two distinct diameter classes
Vessel frequency in no./mm2
Mean vessel element length
Tyloses and deposits in vessels	58. Gums/deposits in heartwood vessels
Wood vesselless

TRACHEIDS AND FIBRES

Vascular/vascientric tracheids	60. Present
Ground tissue fibres	62. Distinctly bordered pits; >3 micron 63. Pit common in R&T walls
Helical thickenings
Septate fibres/Parenchyma-like fiber bands	65. Septate fibres present
Parenchyma-like fibre bands
Fibre wall thickness	69. Thin to thick; distinctly open lumina
Mean fibre length

AXIAL PARENCHYMA

Axial Parenchyma
Apotracheal axial parenchyma	76. Diffuse
Paratracheal axial parenchyma	78. Scanty paratracheal
Banded parenchyma
Axial paremchyma cell type/strand length	93. 5-8 cells/strand

RAY PARENCHYMA

Ray Parenchyma width	99. Larger rays commonly >10 seriate
Aggregate rays
Ray height	102. Larger rays commonly > 1mm
Rays of two distinct sizes
Rays: Cellular composition	109. Procumbet/square/upright cells mixed
Sheath cells
Tile cells
Perforated ray cells
Disjunctive ray parenchyma cell walls
Ray frequency	114. < 4 rays/mm
Wood rayless

STORIED STRUCTURE

Storied structure

119. Low rays storied, high rays non-storied
120. Axial parenchyma/vessel element storied

SECRETORY STRUCTURE AND CAMBIAL VARIANTS

MINERAL INCLUSIONS

Prismatic crystals
Druses
Other crystal type
Other diagnostic crystal features
Silica