FFPRI : Microscopic Identification of Japanese Woods
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Identification Code
Search with features present or absent
・GROWTH RINGS
Growth ring boundary
1. Distinct
2. Indistinct or absent
・VESSELS
Porosity
3. Ring-porous
4. Semi-ring-porous
5. Diffuse-porous
Vessel arrangement
6. Tangential bands
7. Diagonal and/or radial pattern
8. Dendritic pattern
Vessel grouping
9. Exclusively solitary (90% or more)
10. Radial multiples of 4 or more common
11. Clusters common
Solitary vessel outline
12. Angular outline
Perforation plate
13. Simple
14. Scalariform
15. with up to 10 bars
16. with 10-20 bars
17. with 20-40 bars
18. with 40 or more bars
19. Reticulate/foraminate/other types
Intervessel pits
20. Scalariform
21. Opposite
22. Alternate
23. Shape of alternate pits polygonal
Intervessel pit size
24. Minute: 4 μm or less
25. Small: 4-7 μm
26. Medium: 7-10 μm
27. Large: 10 μm or more
Vestured pits
29. Vestured pits
Vessel-ray pitting
30. Distinct borders; similar to V-V pits
31. Reduced borders; round/angular
32. Reduced borders; scalariform/palisade
33. Two distinct sizes in the same ray cell
34. Unilaterally compound and coarse
35. restricted to marginal rows
Helical thickenings in vessel elements
36. Present
37. Throughout body of V-elements
38. Only in V-elements tails
39. Only in narrow V-elements
Tangential diameter of vessel lunima
40. <50 μm
41. 50-100 μm
42. 100-200 μm
43. >200 μm
45. Two distinct diameter classes
Vessel frequency in no./mm2
46. <5
47. 5-20
48. 20-40
49. 40-100
50. >100
Mean vessel element length
52. <350 μm
53. 350〜800 μm
54. >800 μm
Tyloses and deposits in vessels
56. Tyloses common
57. Tyloses sclerotic
58. Gums/deposits in heartwood vessels
Wood vesselless
59. Wood Vesselless
・TRACHEIDS AND FIBRES
Vascular/vascientric tracheids
60. Present
Ground tissue fibres
61. Minutely bordered pits
62. Distinctly bordered pits >3 micron
63. Pit common in R&T walls
Helical thickenings
64. Present in ground tissue fibres
Septate fibres/Parenchyma-like fiber bands
65. Septate fibres present
66. Non-septate fibres present
Parenchyma-like fibre bands
67. Present
Fibre wall thickness
68. Lumina >3 times wider than double walls
69. Thin to thick; distinctly open lumina
70. Lumina almost completely closed
Mean fibre length
71. <900 μm
72. 900〜1600 μm
73. >1600 μm
・AXIAL PARENCHYMA
Axial Parenchyma
75. Absent or extremely rare
Apotracheal axial parenchyma
76. Diffuse
77. Diffuse-in-aggergate
Paratracheal axial parenchyma
78. Scanty paratracheal
79. Vasicentric
80. Aliform
81. Lozenge-aliform
82. Winged-aliform
83. Confluent
84. Unilateral paretracheal
Banded parenchyma
85. >3 cells wide
86. Narrow band <3 cells wide
87. Reticulate
88. Scalariform
89. Marginal/irregularly zonate
Axial paremchyma cell type/strand length
90. Fusiform
91. 2 cells/strand
92. 3-4 cells/strand
93. 5-8 cells/strand
94. >8 cells/strand
95. Unlignified parenchyma
・RAY PARENCHYMA
Ray Parenchyma width
96. Exclusively uniseriate
97. 1-3 cells wide
98. Larger rays commonly 4-10 seriate
99. Larger rays commonly >10 seriate
100. Width of multiseriate part = uniseriate part
Aggregate rays
101. Aggregate rays present
Ray height
102. Larger rays commonly > 1mm
Rays of two distinct sizes
103. Rays of two distinct sizes
Rays: Cellular composition
104. All ray cells procumbent
105. All ray cells square/upright
106. 1 row of upright/square marginal cells
107. 2-4 rows of upright/square marginal cells
108. >4 rows of upright/square marginal cells
109. Procumbet/square/upright cells mixed
Sheath cells
110. Present
Tile cells
111. Present
Perforated ray cells
112. Present
Disjunctive ray parenchyma cell walls
113. Present
Ray frequency
114. < 4 rays/mm
115. 4-12 rays/mm
116. > 12 rays/mm
Wood rayless
117. Rayless
・STORIED STRUCTURE
Storied structure
118. All rays
119. Low rays storied, high rays non-storied
120. Axial parenchyma/vessel element storied
121. Fibers storied
122. Rays/axial parenchyma irregularly storied
123. Number of ray tiers/mm
・SECRETORY STRUCTURE AND CAMBIAL VARIANTS
Oil cells/ Mucilage cells
124. Associated with ray
125. Associated with axial parenchyma
126. Present among fibers
Intercellular canals
127. Axial canals in long tangential lines: >5
128. Axial canals in short tangential lines: 2-5
129. Axial canals diffuse
130. Radial canals
131. Traumatic origin
Tubes/Tubules
132. Laticifers/tanniferous tubes present
Cambial variants
133. Included phloem, concentric
134. Included phloem, diffuse
135. Other cambial variant
・MINERAL INCLUSIONS
Prismatic crystals
136. Prismatic crystals present
137. In upright/square ray cells
138. In procumbent ray cells
139. In radial alignment in procumbent cells
140. In chambered upright/square ray cells
141. In non-chambered AP cells
142. In chambered AP cells
143. In fibres
Druses
144. Druses present
145. In ray parenchyma cells
146. In axial parenchyma cells
147. In fibers
148. In chambered cells
Other crystal type
149. Raphides
150. Acicular crystals (small needle-like)
151. Styloids/Elongate crystals
152. Crystals of other shapes (mostly small)
153. Crystal sand (granular mass)
Other diagnostic crystal feature
154. >1 of same size in 1 cell/chamber
155. Two distinct sizes in 1 cell/chamber
156. Crystals in enlarged cells
157. Crystals in tyloses
158. Cystoliths
Silica
159. Silica bodies present
160. In ray cells
161. In axial parenchyma cells
162. In fibres
163. Virtreous silica